Ukazovací zájmena: This, That, These, Those
Ukazovací zájmena (anglicky: demonstrative pronouns) používáme, když na něco ukazujeme. Například, když chceme říct „tohle je můj telefon“ nebo „tamta kniha je stará“.
Máme čtyři základní ukazovací zájmena:
this – toto, tohle (jedna věc blízko)
that – tamto (jedna věc daleko)
these – tyto (více věcí blízko)
those – tamty (více věcí daleko)
Jednotné číslo:
This is my pen. – Toto je moje pero. (blízko)
That is your car. – Tamto je tvoje auto. (daleko)
Množné číslo:
These are my keys. – Toto jsou moje klíče. (blízko)
Those are his shoes. – Tamty jsou jeho boty. (daleko)
Jak poznám, co použít?
This – jedna věc blízko (v ruce nebo vedle vás)
That – jedna věc daleko (např. přes místnost)
These – více věcí blízko (např. na stole před vámi)
Those – více věcí daleko (např. za oknem, na polici)
Další příklady:
This phone is new. – Tento telefon je nový.
That man is my teacher. – Tamten muž je můj učitel.
These apples are sweet. – Tato jablka jsou sladká.
Those dogs are loud. – Tamti psi jsou hluční.
Poznámka: Demonstrativa se často používají i v otázkách:
What is this? – Co je tohle?
Who is that? – Kdo je tamto?
Are these your books? – Jsou tohle tvoje knihy?
Do you know those people? – Znáš tamty lidi?
Fill in the blanks with "this," "that," "these," or "those":
Please pass me ___ book on the table.
___ shoes are too small for me.
___ painting over there is beautiful.
___ are my friends from university.
Can you believe ___ day at the beach? It was unforgettable.
We spent all day planting ___ trees in the garden.
___ moment has finally arrived!
I can't believe ___ idea was actually accepted by the team.
Fill in the blanks with "this," "that," "these," or "those":
___ is my favorite song.
Do you remember ___ vacation we took last year?
___ people across the street seem friendly.
___ cookies taste amazing.
___ phone in my hand is brand new.
I can't forget ___ summer we spent at the lake.
___ are the best tacos I've ever had!
Look at ___ cars over there! They're so expensive.
Fill in the blanks with "this," "that," "these," or "those":
___ is the best restaurant in town.
___ plans for the weekend are really exciting.
Do you know who lives in ___ house across the street?
I still remember ___ day we spent together.
___ flowers in the garden smell wonderful.
I will never forget ___ moment we shared.
___ is the kind of car I want to buy.
___ are the documents you need to sign.
Fill in the blanks with "this," "that," "these," or "those":
___ experience taught me a valuable lesson.
___ shoes over there look really expensive.
___ is the person I was telling you about.
___ books on my desk are due tomorrow.
___ holiday we spent together was unforgettable.
I can't wait for ___ weekend to relax.
___ pictures were taken last year during our trip.
___ job offer is exactly what I've been looking for.
Fill in the blanks with "this," "that," "these," or "those":
___ sandwich tastes amazing!
___ books over there belong to the library.
I haven't seen ___ movie yet.
___ plans sound like a lot of fun.
___ dog in the yard is very friendly.
Do you remember ___ moment at the concert?
I can't believe ___ people would ever act that way.
___ is the opportunity I've been waiting for!